References
List of resources used in Knowledge Centre modules

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[2] “Towards high power density aqueous redox flow batteries.” Accessed: Jun. 01, 2026. [Online]. Available: https://www.sciopen.com/article/10.26599/NRE.2023.9120045

[3] L. Wang et al., “Research progress of the electrochemical impedance technique applied to the high-capacity lithium-ion battery,” International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy and Materials, vol. 28, no. 4, pp. 538–552, Apr. 2021, doi: 10.1007/s12613-020-2218-6.

[4] “Basics of EIS: Electrochemical Research-Impedance Gamry Instruments.” Accessed: Jun. 01, 2026. [Online]. Available: https://www.gamry.com/application-notes/EIS/basics-of-electrochemical-impedance-spectroscopy/

[5] “Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) Basics.” Accessed: Jun. 01, 2026. [Online]. Available: https://pineresearch.com/support-article/eis-basics/

[6] N. Meddings et al., “Application of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy to commercial Li-ion cells: A review,” Journal of Power Sources, vol. 480, p. 228742, Dec. 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2020.228742.

[7] GerardMacias, “Understanding the Butler-Volmer Equation - Macias Sensors.” Feb. 2023. Accessed: Jun. 01, 2026. [Online]. Available: https://maciassensors.com/understanding-the-butler-volmer-equation/

[8] “PEIS or GEIS or GEIS-AA? That is the question. - BioLogic Learning Center,” BioLogic. Accessed: Jun. 01, 2026. [Online]. Available: https://www.biologic.net/topics/peis-or-geis-that-is-the-question/

[9] A. Ch. Lazanas and M. I. Prodromidis, “Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy─A Tutorial,” ACS Measurement Science Au, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 162–193, Jun. 2023, doi: 10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.2c00070.

[10] P. Agarwal, M. E. Orazem, and L. H. Garcia‐Rubio, “Measurement Models for Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy: I . Demonstration of Applicability,” Journal of The Electrochemical Society, vol. 139, no. 7, p. 1917, Jul. 1992, doi: 10.1149/1.2069522.

[11] B. A. Boukamp, “A linear Kronig-Kramers transform test for immittance data validation,” Journal of the Electrochemical Society, vol. 142, no. 6, pp. 1885–1894, 1995, doi: 10.1149/1.2044210.

[12] Keheng, “Vaut-il mieux avoir une résistance élevée ou faible dans les accus 18650 ?” Keheng-lithium battery Cell. Mar. 2024. Accessed: Jun. 01, 2026. [Online]. Available: https://keheng-battery.com/fr/is-it-better-to-have-high-or-low-resistance-in-18650-batteries/

[13] A.-L. Chan, H. Yu, K. S. Reeves, and S. M. Alia, “Identifying electrochemical processes by distribution of relaxation times in proton exchange membrane electrolyzers,” Journal of Power Sources, vol. 628, p. 235850, Feb. 2025, doi: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2024.235850.

[14] N. Murer, “EC-Lab Application Note,” 2010

[15] N. Hallemans et al., “Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy beyond linearity and stationarity—A critical review,” Electrochimica Acta, vol. 466, p. 142939, Oct. 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.electacta.2023.142939.